MAJOR FOREIGN HOLDERS OF TREASURY SECURITIES
(in billions of dollars)
HOLDINGS 1/ AT END OF PERIOD
Jan Dec Nov Oct Sep Aug Jul Jun May Apr Mar Feb Jan
Country 2023 2022 2022 2022 2022 2022 2022 2022 2022 2022 2022 2022 2022
------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------
Japan 1104.4 1076.3 1082.3 1064.4 1116.4 1196.0 1230.7 1232.7 1219.9 1215.0 1229.0 1303.0 1299.9
China, Mainland 859.4 867.1 870.2 877.9 901.7 938.6 939.2 938.8 951.8 976.0 1013.2 1028.7 1033.8
United Kingdom 668.3 654.5 645.8 641.3 664.8 646.5 636.6 617.3 636.5 614.3 636.5 627.0 610.7
Belgium 331.1 354.3 332.9 327.2 325.0 287.8 285.4 273.5 268.2 255.6 264.5 258.4 243.0
Luxembourg 318.2 329.4 311.1 298.4 299.9 308.4 306.5 309.3 296.5 296.2 303.2 316.4 313.0
Switzerland 290.5 269.7 266.5 258.4 273.3 290.6 283.1 291.5 287.1 268.0 270.7 278.0 295.4
Cayman Islands 285.3 283.8 283.5 291.7 301.5 308.6 293.4 302.3 295.4 292.5 293.9 275.9 272.1
Canada 254.1 215.1 228.7 218.2 199.9 228.2 227.9 206.2 225.5 234.7 236.5 224.1 217.6
Ireland 253.4 254.8 250.3 245.1 265.4 275.6 277.5 285.6 288.8 309.7 315.9 314.9 308.6
Taiwan 234.6 225.5 223.9 214.6 215.3 231.5 238.2 232.3 229.1 226.9 236.9 247.0 247.1
India 232.0 224.1 219.0 213.0 212.6 221.2 212.0 208.8 203.7 199.0 199.8 199.8 198.6
Hong Kong 226.8 221.0 201.0 185.0 178.7 189.8 192.8 187.3 185.6 195.0 207.7 205.4 225.6
Brazil 214.0 217.4 225.9 220.1 221.8 227.3 232.9 226.1 228.4 229.2 233.3 237.4 236.1
Singapore 187.6 182.9 186.2 175.8 176.4 188.3 187.2 180.9 177.1 182.1 190.9 192.0 191.6
France 183.9 189.0 203.6 217.4 206.7 232.7 231.8 236.3 242.5 242.9 246.0 238.7 232.9
Saudi Arabia 111.0 119.7 121.4 120.7 121.0 122.1 121.6 119.2 114.7 115.7 115.5 116.7 119.4
Korea 105.8 102.9 100.3 98.7 104.9 117.5 111.9 111.9 115.3 117.3 118.9 121.9 123.8
Norway 104.4 92.0 97.7 95.7 99.6 111.1 112.5 112.9 109.0 115.6 116.7 120.1 115.8
Germany 91.3 100.7 90.0 85.9 83.9 88.8 87.5 95.4 91.6 92.8 93.8 90.5 84.3
Bermuda 77.4 81.5 83.6 83.6 82.6 82.7 82.3 79.5 77.4 75.2 73.0 71.2 69.7
Netherlands 73.7 67.4 71.9 63.8 66.2 66.3 66.4 64.5 64.4 63.1 64.7 65.5 60.6
United Arab Emirates 64.9 58.6 59.5 53.9 47.9 48.2 41.6 40.1 38.4 41.9 45.8 46.5 44.9
Australia 62.2 57.1 58.3 58.5 56.3 56.2 56.3 54.3 57.2 60.2 59.2 60.6 59.7
Mexico 58.2 58.6 57.2 56.4 53.9 53.3 49.5 48.8 48.0 47.3 47.7 47.1 44.4
Thailand 52.8 46.0 41.4 43.0 43.3 47.5 48.0 49.0 49.4 57.2 63.7 61.6 62.1
Philippines 48.8 48.3 47.8 47.0 51.2 50.9 51.2 49.7 50.6 50.9 52.5 53.9 52.5
Israel 46.1 47.8 52.0 51.1 51.2 51.1 53.0 51.5 50.9 52.0 59.5 66.0 63.8
Kuwait 43.3 48.5 50.8 50.3 50.2 51.1 49.5 46.0 46.3 46.1 46.8 50.6 50.6
Iraq 41.2 40.8 39.7 38.0 36.9 35.6 34.6 32.0 32.9 28.3 26.2 24.1 23.4
Poland 40.9 37.7 38.2 34.7 33.0 33.9 36.2 35.3 36.0 37.0 39.2 45.5 44.9
Spain 40.3 36.9 36.0 31.9 33.0 29.9 28.8 27.0 29.5 26.0 27.0 29.0 27.4
Italy 40.2 39.2 38.1 36.8 36.8 37.9 40.2 40.4 41.9 42.6 44.2 45.4 42.1
Colombia 39.5 39.8 35.7 33.8 34.4 34.0 35.1 34.9 34.9 35.4 34.5 34.0 33.3
Sweden 39.5 42.3 48.4 46.3 47.1 48.3 50.3 48.2 48.2 53.1 53.5 55.4 54.5
Bahamas 38.1 46.0 44.1 45.1 41.3 40.0 35.7 30.3 30.0 39.5 36.1 33.5 35.9
Vietnam 36.3 36.9 35.6 36.2 37.1 38.2 39.9 39.2 39.1 40.1 40.7 41.4 42.3
Chile 34.2 34.0 34.1 33.8 34.0 36.0 38.1 40.5 39.4 36.5 37.4 37.2 35.3
Peru 31.8 32.1 31.0 31.1 32.2 32.4 32.0 30.8 29.9 30.3 29.9 29.5 29.0
All Other 437.2 439.2 424.9 408.3 414.1 408.5 407.7 407.2 400.1 402.0 399.6 409.8 410.0
Grand Total 7402.5 7318.7 7268.6 7133.1 7251.5 7492.7 7485.5 7417.0 7411.0 7443.4 7604.4 7703.6 7655.9
Of which:
For. Official 3713.9 3678.1 3670.8 3614.0 3713.7 3876.9 3895.0 3855.3 3866.3 3907.5 4025.3 4124.4 4130.0
Treasury Bills 249.6 238.7 217.2 203.8 220.0 230.5 234.0 238.3 248.6 256.6 259.7 278.3 266.7
T-Bonds & Notes 3464.3 3439.3 3453.6 3410.2 3493.7 3646.4 3661.0 3616.9 3617.7 3650.9 3765.6 3846.0 3863.3
Department of the Treasury/Federal Reserve Board
March 15, 2023
1/ The data in this table are collected primarily from U.S.-based custodians and broker-dealers. Since U.S. securities held in
overseas custody accounts may not be attributed to the actual owners, the data may not provide a precise accounting of
individual country ownership of Treasury securities
(see TIC FAQ #7 at: http://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/data-chart-center/tic/Pages/ticfaq1.aspx).
Estimated foreign holdings of U.S. Treasury marketable and non-marketable bills, bonds, and notes reported under the Treasury
International Capital (TIC) reporting system are based on monthly data on holdings of Treasury bonds and notes
as reported on TIC Form SLT, Aggregate Holdings of Long-Term Securities by U.S. and Foreign Residents
and on TIC Form BL2, Report of Customers' U.S. Dollar Liabilities to Foreign Residents.